ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Ruhie Jabbal
XII-B

It is a field that has a long history but is still constantly growing and changing year by year. Artificial intelligence mainly relates to machines and it helps us to understand the attempts to intelligent entities ‘AI’ is to do with smart programs, the aim of ‘AI’ is to develop machines that behave as if they were intelligent. It is the ability of a digital computer or computer-controlled robot to perform tasks commonly associated with intelligent beings. According to Elaine Rich ‘Artificial Intelligence is the study of how to make computers do things at which, at the moment, people are better’. In computer science, an ideal “intelligent” machine is a flexible rational agent that perceives its environment & takes actions that maximize its chance of success at same goal.

The idea of actually trying to build a machine to perform useful reasoning may have begun with Roman Hull. With his calculus ratiocinator, Gott tried Leibing extended the concept of calculating machines, intending to perform operations and concepts rather than numbers. Since, the 19^th century artificial begins are common is fiction. The study of ‘AI’ research was founded at a conference at Dart south college in 1956.

‘AI’ has a great example on Robots. A robot is a mechanical or virtual artificial agent, usually an electromechanical machine that is guided by computer programming or electronic circuity.

The word ‘robot’ was first used to denote a fictional humanoid in a 1920 play R.U.R. by the Czech writer, Karel Capek who was the world’s true inventor. Electronics evolved into the driving force of development with the advent of the first electronic autonomous robots created by William Grey Walter in Bristol, England in 1948. The first digital and programmable robot was invented by George Devol in 1954 and was named Unimate.

Robots have replaced humans in performing repetitive and dangerous tasks which human prefers not to do, or are unable to do because of size limitations. The possibilities of robot autonomy and potential repercussion have been addressed in fiction and may be realistic concern in the future.